Copy-book.



No. 669,525. Patented Mar. I2, |9OI. G. L. HOOGES.

OOPY BOOK.

(Application filed Apr. 9, 1900.

(No Model.)

llniTsn STATES GEORGE LINDSAY HODGES, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

COPY- BOOK.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,525, dated March12, 1901.

Application filed April 9, 1900. Serial No. 12,191. (No model.)

To a. whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE LINDSAY HODGES,commercial traveler,a subjectof the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 47 PaternosterRow, London, E. 0., England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Copy-Books, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in copy-books for use in teachingwriting, and has for its object to facilitate the correct copying of theheadlines at the top of the pages. For this purpose the said headlinesare printed upon separate or loose strips or slips of paper boundtogether and connected to a suitable metal wire attached to the back ofthe copy-book and extending along the entire width of the same, the wirebeing so arranged that the strips or slips may be shifted along it tocover the line that has been last written and to form a copy for thenext line. The pages are preferably cut away at the top or shortened inheight to leave a space in which the strips or slips lie when the bookis folded or closed. The wire attachment may also be fitted to any casesor covers in which the paper for writing upon may be bound or looselyheld for refilling. The said wire extends across the upper surface ofthe page to be written upon, and when a fresh page is required the pagealready written upon or finished with is pushed back underneath the wireand turned over onto the opposite page. The page turned over can then bewritten upon on its opposite side as well as the other or succeedingpage, the strips or slips being likewise turned over to form freshheadlines for each.

Various methods may be employed for securing the wire to the back orbinding of the book. For instance, it may be doubled over at the top andbottom and the ends passed through holes in the back of the book andturned up and clamped to the same, or the bent-over ends may be passedthrough or incased in a sheath of paper, linen, or other materialsecured to the inside fold or binding of the book. The strips or slipsare attached to the wire by suitable means permitting of their slidingthereon, one of which means may consist of small metal rings or eyeletspassed through holes in the strips and around the back of the same, andwhich are folded around the wire, or instead of the said rings oreyelets ordinary wire bending-clamps may be used.

In Figure 1 of the drawings is shown a plan of one of my improvedcopy-books in its open position. Fig. 2 is a side or edge view thereof,and Fig. 3 is a section of the back or binding end. Fig. l is a partplan of a modified arrangement of wire attachment, and Fig. 5 is asection at right angles thereto. Fig. 6 shows to a larger scale insection the method of attaching the strips to the wire as shown in Fig.l, and Figs. 7 and 8 showin back and side views another method ofattaching the strips to the wire.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a are the covers, and b the leaves of thecopy-book, bound thereto in the usual manner. 0 is the wire, whichextends across the page and is doubled back or looped at the top andbottom to permit of its ends being passed through holes in the back ofthe book, where they are turned up, as at c, to clamp the wire to thesaid back. d are the strips or slips upon which the headlines areprinted, and which, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, are folded around thewire 0 and. connected thereto by the rings or eyelets e, as shownclearly in Fig. 6, so that they can he slid easily along the wire whenrequired.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the bent-over or looped endsof the wiref are incased in a sheath or sheaths f formed by the strip oflinen, paper, or other material g, pasted or otherwise attached to theback or fold of the covers. The strips or slips h are secured to thewire f by the ordinary wire or binding staple i, so as to permit oftheir being easily shifted along the wire, the arrangement being clearlyshown in Figs. 7 and 8, and the said strips lying in the space it leftabove the leaves Z when writing on the top line or when the book isclosed.

By means of the improved shifting strips or slips the writer can alwayshave the headline to copy from before him without having to look to thetop of the page for the same, the strips or slips being shifted so as tocover the line last written, thus preventing the possibility of thewriter copying his own writing.

Having now fully described the nature of the strips or slips to the wiresubstan'tialiy 16 my said invention, what I claim, and desire asdescribed.

to secure by Letters Patent, is In witness whereof Ihave hereunto set myThe improved copy book comprising the hand in the presence of twowitnesses. 5 combination with the covers a and leaves b GEORGE LINDSAYHODGES of the wire 0 extending from top to bottom of the page andclamped at c to the back of the Witnesses:

book, the strips or slips cl loosely mounted on HY MIDDLEMASS, the saidwire and the eyelets e for securing E. W. GILLARD.

